Tipakan, Lipa City, Batangas: Historical Data
Full transcription of the so-called “Historical Data” for the barrio of Tipakan in the City of Lipa, Batangas, the original scanned documents at the National Library of the Philippines Digital Collections not having OCR or optical character recognition properties. This transcription has been edited for grammar, spelling and punctuation where possible. The original pagination is provided for citation purposes.
[Cover page.]
THE HISTORICAL
[Map of Tipakan.]
[Table of Contents.]
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
[P. 1]
THE PRESENT OFFICIAL NAME OF THE BARRIO
The present official name of the barrio is Tipakan. During the Spanish time, it was called Santa Leonida. This name was derived from a saint named Santa Leonida. Several years passed and the name Santa Leonida was changed to Tangob. The present barrio of Tangob, which is north of Tipakan, was once a part of the barrio. Later on, it was divided into two barrios. The northern side was called “Tangob na Bata” and the southern side “Tangob na Matanda,” which is now Tipakan. Nobody can tell where the names of Tangob and Tipakan were derived.
LIST OF ORIGINAL FAMILIES
TENIENTES FROM THE SPANISH TIME TO THE PRESENT
IMPORTANT EVENTS THAT TOOK PLACE
SPANISH TIME – During the Spanish occupation, the barrio was often visited by robbers or “tulisan,” as the people called them. There was oftentimes fighting between the “guardia civil” and the “tulisan.” Though the Spaniards ruled the country with abuses and severity, not even one of the people suffered any punishment from the Spaniards.
AMERICAN PERIOD – During this period, the American soldiers burned the houses of the people. The barrio people at their first sight of the American soldiers ran away. The soldiers ran after them. Upon reaching a river, they began firing, not knowing that there were women washing clothes in the river. This caused the death of one, Macaria Marasigan. The soldiers were after a man named Mariano Llavares. He was an officer of the “insurrectos” under the command of the late General Malvar.
[p. 2]
WORLD WAR II – The people suffered very much during the Second World War. Nearly all the houses in the barrio were occupied by the evacuees from Lipa and from the different nearby barrios. They planted camotes, corn, bananas, and other crops that could be harvested within a short period. They did this for fear of [the] scarcity of food. Some of the people wore “sinamay” due to [a] lack of other kinds of cloth.
In the middle of February 1944, an incident happened. This incident gave too much trouble to the people. The Japanese soldiers coming from the barrio of San Benito raided Tipakan. The Japanese massacred a young lad of the barrio and some of the evacuees. The barrio people started for evacuation. They scattered to different places. Some of them evacuated to the barrios of Tiaong, Rosario, Taysan and Ibaan. During this time, the people encountered difficulties due to lack of food, clothing and some other things they needed.
AFTER WORLD WAR II – After the war, the people returned to the barrio not knowing what had happened to their homes and other properties. The houses were burned except a few of them and the barrio chapel. They at once built small houses of “habong” out of the remaining materials that were burned. Most of the people had no cattle to plow the field. They looked for jobs and nearly all of them were fortunate enough to have some kinds of work. Years passed and great changes were made. The people were able to secure the necessary things to be used in cultivating the land. Some of them were able to build better homes.
TRADITIONS, CUSTOMS, AND PRACTICES IN DOMESTIC AND SOCIAL LIFE
BIRTH – A mother after her delivery of the child is not permitted to stand until after four days from the date of delivery. She cannot eat bloody fish if the umbilical cord of the child is still fresh.
BAPTISM – The parents of the child choose the person to act as sponsor. Sometimes, a “buhusan” is done before the child is baptized. The sponsor goes to the child’s home with cigarettes, wine and some other soft drinks. The people who are present in the “buhusan” drink and smoke. When the child is to be baptized, he is accompanied by the sponsor and by the midwife or by the child’s mother to the church. Sometimes, there is a baptismal party in the child’s home.
MARRIAGE – The parents of both parties talk about the marriage of their children. This is what we call “bulungan.” They arrange the date of marriage, the kind of feast or “handaan” if there is any, and the dowry on the part of the man. They select who will be the sponsors. The couple takes confession before they are married by the priest.
DEATH AND BURIAL – When a person dies, a “mamumuno” is called
[p. 3]
to lead the prayer. The parents of the deceased receive money or “pakandila” from their friends, neighbors and relatives. Before a dead person is buried, he will be taken to the church. Another praying will be done. The priest will give benediction to the deceased before taking him to the cemetery for burial.
VISITS – Before a visitor enters the house of somebody, he says, “Magandang hapon,” “magandang umaga,” or “magandang gabi.” The one visited replies, “Gayon din naman,” “tuloy ka.” The visitor is told to sit. The person he visits offers him cigarette or food.
SUPERSTITIONS – If thunder comes from a different direction, they believe that it will rain for several days. During rainy season, when chickens wander at six o’clock in the afternoon, they are in the belief that a typhoon will occur.
TELLING OF THE TIME – The people tell the time by means of the sun. They say it is twelve o’clock when the sun is overhead. Sometimes, they determine the time by means of the “patola” flowers. In the early afternoon when the flowers bloom, they say it is four o’clock.
MAGIC – There were two men of the barrio who could make wonderful things. Simeon Quinto was one of them. By putting saliva on an egg, the egg would stick to the lower part of his ear. The other man was Esteban Quinto. This man would whisper something through the hole of a bottle. Nobody could break it. But he could break the bottle by whispering and blowing through the hole.
POPULAR SONGS
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS – The following are the common proverbs:
1. Kung nais mong igalang ka
2. Ang kita sa bula-bula
3. Pag may hirap, may ginhawa.
[p. 4]
4. Sariwa man ang kahoy,
5. Nais ko’y dalagang pangit
RIDDLES – The people have also riddles. They are:
1. Dalawang ibong marikit
2. Baboy ko sa pulo
3. Dalwang urang
4. Dalwang batong mabibilog
5. Isda ko sa Mariveles
6. Walang dila
7. Nagtago si tiyo,
8. Hindi nakaalis si mamay,
9. Hindi princesa,
10. Isang princesa,
Notes and references:
Transcribed from “History and Cultural Life of Barrio Tipakan” 1953, online at the National Library of the Philippines Digital Collections.
THE HISTORICAL
AND
CULTURAL ASPECT
OF
TIPAKAN
[Map of Tipakan.]
[Table of Contents.]
| THE PRESENT OFFICIAL NAME OF THE BARRIO | 1 |
| LIST OF ORIGINAL FAMILIES | 1 |
| TENIENTES FROM THE SPANISH TIME TO THE PRESENT | 1 |
| IMPORTANT EVENTS THAT TOOK PLACE | |
| SPANISH TIME | 1 |
| AMERICAN PERIOD | 1 |
| WORLD WAR II | 2 |
| AFTER WORLD WAR II | 2 |
| TRADITIONS, CUSTOMS, AND PRACTICES IN DOMESTIC AND SOCIAL LIFE | |
| BIRTH | 2 |
| BAPTISM | 2 |
| MARRIAGE | 2 |
| DEATH AND BURIAL | 2 |
| VISITS | 3 |
| SUPERSTITIONS | 3 |
| TELLING OF THE TIME | 3 |
| MAGIC | 3 |
| POPULAR SONGS | 3 |
| PROVERBS AND SAYINGS | 3 |
| RIDDLES | 4 |
The present official name of the barrio is Tipakan. During the Spanish time, it was called Santa Leonida. This name was derived from a saint named Santa Leonida. Several years passed and the name Santa Leonida was changed to Tangob. The present barrio of Tangob, which is north of Tipakan, was once a part of the barrio. Later on, it was divided into two barrios. The northern side was called “Tangob na Bata” and the southern side “Tangob na Matanda,” which is now Tipakan. Nobody can tell where the names of Tangob and Tipakan were derived.
| 1. Margarito Briones | 4. Mariano Quinto |
| 2. Jose Quinto | 5. Camilo Quinto |
| 3. Juan Hernandez | 6. Felimino Katigbak |
| 7. Eustaquio Maralit |
| 1. Simon Quinto | 9. Vicente Quinto |
| 2. Vicente Lasat | 10. Alejandro Kalaw |
| 3. Camilo Quinto | 11. Felomino Katigbak |
| 4. Facundo Javier | 12. Rafael Garcia |
| 5. Valerio Quinto | 13. Elias Mainot |
| 6. Eugenio Lasat | 14. Juan Quinto |
| 7. Jose Quinto | 15. Mauricio Quinto |
| 8. Petronilo Hernandez | 16. Lorenzo Katigbak |
| 17. Domingo Mainot |
SPANISH TIME – During the Spanish occupation, the barrio was often visited by robbers or “tulisan,” as the people called them. There was oftentimes fighting between the “guardia civil” and the “tulisan.” Though the Spaniards ruled the country with abuses and severity, not even one of the people suffered any punishment from the Spaniards.
AMERICAN PERIOD – During this period, the American soldiers burned the houses of the people. The barrio people at their first sight of the American soldiers ran away. The soldiers ran after them. Upon reaching a river, they began firing, not knowing that there were women washing clothes in the river. This caused the death of one, Macaria Marasigan. The soldiers were after a man named Mariano Llavares. He was an officer of the “insurrectos” under the command of the late General Malvar.
[p. 2]
WORLD WAR II – The people suffered very much during the Second World War. Nearly all the houses in the barrio were occupied by the evacuees from Lipa and from the different nearby barrios. They planted camotes, corn, bananas, and other crops that could be harvested within a short period. They did this for fear of [the] scarcity of food. Some of the people wore “sinamay” due to [a] lack of other kinds of cloth.
In the middle of February 1944, an incident happened. This incident gave too much trouble to the people. The Japanese soldiers coming from the barrio of San Benito raided Tipakan. The Japanese massacred a young lad of the barrio and some of the evacuees. The barrio people started for evacuation. They scattered to different places. Some of them evacuated to the barrios of Tiaong, Rosario, Taysan and Ibaan. During this time, the people encountered difficulties due to lack of food, clothing and some other things they needed.
AFTER WORLD WAR II – After the war, the people returned to the barrio not knowing what had happened to their homes and other properties. The houses were burned except a few of them and the barrio chapel. They at once built small houses of “habong” out of the remaining materials that were burned. Most of the people had no cattle to plow the field. They looked for jobs and nearly all of them were fortunate enough to have some kinds of work. Years passed and great changes were made. The people were able to secure the necessary things to be used in cultivating the land. Some of them were able to build better homes.
BIRTH – A mother after her delivery of the child is not permitted to stand until after four days from the date of delivery. She cannot eat bloody fish if the umbilical cord of the child is still fresh.
BAPTISM – The parents of the child choose the person to act as sponsor. Sometimes, a “buhusan” is done before the child is baptized. The sponsor goes to the child’s home with cigarettes, wine and some other soft drinks. The people who are present in the “buhusan” drink and smoke. When the child is to be baptized, he is accompanied by the sponsor and by the midwife or by the child’s mother to the church. Sometimes, there is a baptismal party in the child’s home.
MARRIAGE – The parents of both parties talk about the marriage of their children. This is what we call “bulungan.” They arrange the date of marriage, the kind of feast or “handaan” if there is any, and the dowry on the part of the man. They select who will be the sponsors. The couple takes confession before they are married by the priest.
DEATH AND BURIAL – When a person dies, a “mamumuno” is called
[p. 3]
to lead the prayer. The parents of the deceased receive money or “pakandila” from their friends, neighbors and relatives. Before a dead person is buried, he will be taken to the church. Another praying will be done. The priest will give benediction to the deceased before taking him to the cemetery for burial.
VISITS – Before a visitor enters the house of somebody, he says, “Magandang hapon,” “magandang umaga,” or “magandang gabi.” The one visited replies, “Gayon din naman,” “tuloy ka.” The visitor is told to sit. The person he visits offers him cigarette or food.
SUPERSTITIONS – If thunder comes from a different direction, they believe that it will rain for several days. During rainy season, when chickens wander at six o’clock in the afternoon, they are in the belief that a typhoon will occur.
TELLING OF THE TIME – The people tell the time by means of the sun. They say it is twelve o’clock when the sun is overhead. Sometimes, they determine the time by means of the “patola” flowers. In the early afternoon when the flowers bloom, they say it is four o’clock.
MAGIC – There were two men of the barrio who could make wonderful things. Simeon Quinto was one of them. By putting saliva on an egg, the egg would stick to the lower part of his ear. The other man was Esteban Quinto. This man would whisper something through the hole of a bottle. Nobody could break it. But he could break the bottle by whispering and blowing through the hole.
POPULAR SONGS
| 1. Paro-parong Bukid | 4. Madaling Araw |
| 2. Leron-leron Sinta | 5. Anak ng Dalita |
| 3. Dalagang Filipino |
1. Kung nais mong igalang ka
Igalang muna ang iba.
(If you want to be respected,
Respect first the others.)
(If you want to be respected,
Respect first the others.)
2. Ang kita sa bula-bula
Ay sa bula-bula rin mawawala.
(Anything acquired like vapor,
It is like vapor when it disappears.)
(Anything acquired like vapor,
It is like vapor when it disappears.)
3. Pag may hirap, may ginhawa.
(If there is hardship, there is comfort.)
[p. 4]
4. Sariwa man ang kahoy,
Magniningas din kapag nadarang ng apoy.
(Fresh wood will burn if always heated by fire.)
(Fresh wood will burn if always heated by fire.)
5. Nais ko’y dalagang pangit
Kay sa babaeng salawahan sa pag-ibig
(I prefer an ugly girl rather than a girl who is not true in love.)
(I prefer an ugly girl rather than a girl who is not true in love.)
RIDDLES – The people have also riddles. They are:
1. Dalawang ibong marikit
Nagtitimbangan sa dulo ng siit. (earrings)
2. Baboy ko sa pulo
Balahibo’y pako. (jackfruit)
3. Dalwang urang
Nag-uunahan. (feet)
4. Dalwang batong mabibilog
Malayo ang abot. (mata)
5. Isda ko sa Mariveles
Nasa loob ang kaliskis. (pepper)
6. Walang dila
Walang bibig,
Anong himala
At umiimik. (radio)
Anong himala
At umiimik. (radio)
7. Nagtago si tiyo,
Labas ang ulo. (nail)
8. Hindi nakaalis si mamay,
Kundi kasama si nanay. (bolo and scabbard)
9. Hindi princesa,
Hindi reyna,
May putong na korona. (pineapple)
May putong na korona. (pineapple)
10. Isang princesa,
Naka-upo sa tasa. (kasoy)
PREPARED BY:
Messrs. Ponciano Lescano
Lauro Quinto
Messrs. Ponciano Lescano
Lauro Quinto
Notes and references:
Transcribed from “History and Cultural Life of Barrio Tipakan” 1953, online at the National Library of the Philippines Digital Collections.
