Calayo, Nasugbu, Batangas: Historical Data
Full transcription of the so-called “Historical Data” for the barrio of Calayo in the Municipality of Nasugbu, Batangas, the original scanned documents at the National Library of the Philippines Digital Collections not having OCR or optical character recognition properties. This transcription has been edited for grammar, spelling and punctuation where possible. The original pagination is provided for citation purposes.
[p. 1]
HISTORY AND CULTURAL LIFE OF CALAYO
1. Present official name of the barrio – Calayo.
2. Popular name of the barrio –
3. Date of establishment:
4. Original families:
5. List of tenientes from the earliest time to date:
6. There are no sitios within the jurisdiction that are depopulated.
7. During the Filipino-Spanish War and Spanish-American War, there were no important historical events that happened.
[p. 2]
War II when our Filipino and American soldiers were still in Corregidor, the stray bullets from the port destroyed the church and other nearby houses.
8. Important facts, incidents or events that took place:
9. (a) Destruction of lives, properties, and institutions during the war, especially in 1896-1900 and 1941-1945. There was none.
PART II – FOLKWAYS
1. Customs and Traditions –
[p. 3]
Baptism:
Courtship:
Marriage:
Death:
[p. 4]
11. Myths, legends, beliefs, interpretations, superstitions – There is none.
12. Popular songs – There is none.
MGA BUGTONG
1. Isda ko sa Mariveles nasa loob ang kaliskis. – sili
2. Oo nga’t sili, nasa loob ang aligi. – alimañgo
3. Oo nga’t alimangao, nasa loob ang ulo. – pagong
4. Oo nga’t pagong, nasa loob ang tumbong. – niyog
5. Oo nga’t niyog, nasa loob ang bunot. – mangga
6. Oo nga’t mangga, nasa loob ang mata. – pinya
7. Oo nga’t pinya, naghubo ng saya. – labong
8. Maitim na parang tinta, pumuputi’y hindi kinukula. – buhok
9. Ako’y may kaibigan, kasama ko saan man. – anino.
10. Lumalakad ay di hinihila, tumatakbo’y walang paa. – bakya
11. Siya ko nang tinuran, siyang hindi mahulaan. – siya
12. Hindi hayop, hindi tao, walang gulong ay tumatakbo. – gulong
13. Bato na ang tawag ko, bato rin ang tawag mo. – bato-bato
14. Dalawang punsu-punsuhan, ang laman ay kaligtasan. – suso ng ina.
15. Ito na si Amain, nagbibile ng hangin. – musiko
16. Ito na si Kaka, bubuka-buka. – sakag
17. Uka na ang tiyan, malakas pa ang sigaw. – batingaw
18. Tag-ulan, tag-araw, dala-dala’y balutan. – kuba.
19. Isang pinggan-pingganan, libot na libot ng giniikan. – bao
20. May binti walang hita, may tuktok walang mukha. – kabute
[p. 5]
21. May isang babaeng naliligo
22. Hinigit ko ang yantok,
23. Malalim kung bawasan, mababaw kung dagdagan. – tapayan ng tubig
24. Nanganak ang aswang, sa tuktok nagdaan. – saging
25. Dalawa kong kahon, buksan mo’y walang ugong. – mata
26. Araw gabi’y pinarurusahan, hindi marunong masaktan. – luna
27. Alin sa daigdigan ang tao ang ginagawang bahay? – gagamba
28. Hinipan ko si kaibigan, nakabuhay ng patay. – hihip
29. Kung kailan tahimik, saka nangbubuwisit. – lamok
30. Walang pintong pinasukan, nakapasok sa kalooban. – pag-iisip
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS
I. On Patriotism, Bravery and Courage
[p. 6]
II. On Industry, Diligence and Thrift
[p. 7]
III. ON HONESTY, PUNCTUALITY, RESERVE, AND PATIENCE
IV. COURTESY AND GOOD BREEDING
[p. 8]
[p. 9]
15. Methods of measuring time, special calendars –
PART III
OTHER INFORMATION
16. Information on books and documents treating of the Philippines and the names of their owners.
17. The names of Filipino authors born or residing in the community, the titles and subjects of their works, whether printed or in manuscript form, and the names of persons possessing these.
Notes and references:
Transcribed from “History and Cultural Life of Calayo,” 1953, online at the National Library of the Philippines Digital Collections.
[p. 1]
Part I – History
1. Present official name of the barrio – Calayo.
2. Popular name of the barrio –
The popular name of the barrio is Calayo, which has been derived from the trees which grew profusely in the locality in those early times when it was first established. It has retained its name until the present time.
The names of the sitios included within the territorial jurisdiction: There is no other sitio included within the barrio except Pulong-parang. “Pulongparang” means, in our local term, trees that grow in groups, composed of several trees in each group. It means in our dialect “pulo” and because it was a forest, it had been called “Pulongparang,” the literal meaning of which is “groups of forests.”
The names of the sitios included within the territorial jurisdiction: There is no other sitio included within the barrio except Pulong-parang. “Pulongparang” means, in our local term, trees that grow in groups, composed of several trees in each group. It means in our dialect “pulo” and because it was a forest, it had been called “Pulongparang,” the literal meaning of which is “groups of forests.”
3. Date of establishment:
It originated way back in 1899 during the Spanish regime, but was permanently established in 1901 just after the establishment of the first American military government.
4. Original families:
Pio Rodriguez
Pedro Liwanang
Simplicio Sevilla
Pedro Liwanang
Simplicio Sevilla
5. List of tenientes from the earliest time to date:
| Pedro Liwanag | Agustin Ricafuente |
| Jacinto Nisenas | Delfin Buhayin |
| Alfonso Reyes | Victorino Villafranca |
7. During the Filipino-Spanish War and Spanish-American War, there were no important historical events that happened.
However, during the Japanese Occupation and World
[p. 2]
War II when our Filipino and American soldiers were still in Corregidor, the stray bullets from the port destroyed the church and other nearby houses.
8. Important facts, incidents or events that took place:
(a) During the Spanish Occupation –
(b) During the American Occupation to World War II –
(c) During and after World War II –
There was none.
(b) During the American Occupation to World War II –
When peace and plenty reigned in the place, Calayo served as the vacation resort of the hacienderos of Looc. It was a popular place then which afforded an outing place for the visitors and residents alike, being near the sea.
(c) During and after World War II –
When Japanese atrocities were rampant everywhere, the people of the town of Nasugbu and Lumbañgan evacuated to Calayo to seek protection.
9. (a) Destruction of lives, properties, and institutions during the war, especially in 1896-1900 and 1941-1945. There was none.
(b) Measures and accomplishments toward rehabilitation and reconstruction following World War II. There was none.
1. Customs and Traditions –
After birth, it is the custom of the grandfather or father of the child to announce to the parents of the selected baptismal sponsor their desire. The chosen sponsor is very much honored for being selected. Then she or he prepares the things needed for the baptismal ceremony as well as the gifts that she will give.
[p. 3]
Baptism:
Before the baptismal ceremony, it is the custom of the parents of the child to give presents in the form of material things called “sabit” in our dialect, and the sponsors in return give precious presents to the child. We have also the “buhosan.” This is done only when the child falls ill before the baptismal ceremony. It is a practice of having a brass band accompany the baptismal party to and from the church.
Courtship:
It is the custom in this place that the parents of the man select the girl they desire their son to marry. The parents of the man give notice by making their son do and help in the manual labors done in the house of the girl. The parents of the girl require the man to tell his parents to come. They talk about the plight of the suitor. The family of the young man brings food to please the family of the girl. When both parties agree on the terms they desire, they then set the date of the wedding ceremony.
Marriage:
It is believed that during the marriage ceremony, and the ceremonial veil drops from either of the couple, it is a sign of a bad omen, that is, the couple is liable to be separated after their marriage. It is also believed that the thirteen ceremonial silver coins should be kept by the marriage couple forever in their treasure box. These money should not be spent under any circumstances unless a very great necessity occurs which is very inevitable.
After the ceremony, the newly married couple receives a shower of rice grains from the guests, which simply means a wish for a prosperous, happy married life.
After the ceremony, the newly married couple receives a shower of rice grains from the guests, which simply means a wish for a prosperous, happy married life.
Death:
If is the practice of the people to celebrate the fourth and ninth day ritual after the burial of the dead. It is also the custom of the owners of the house of the dead not to clean the house until after the fourth day because if they do so, this may cause the death of another member of the family of the deceased.
[p. 4]
11. Myths, legends, beliefs, interpretations, superstitions – There is none.
12. Popular songs – There is none.
1. Isda ko sa Mariveles nasa loob ang kaliskis. – sili
2. Oo nga’t sili, nasa loob ang aligi. – alimañgo
3. Oo nga’t alimangao, nasa loob ang ulo. – pagong
4. Oo nga’t pagong, nasa loob ang tumbong. – niyog
5. Oo nga’t niyog, nasa loob ang bunot. – mangga
6. Oo nga’t mangga, nasa loob ang mata. – pinya
7. Oo nga’t pinya, naghubo ng saya. – labong
8. Maitim na parang tinta, pumuputi’y hindi kinukula. – buhok
9. Ako’y may kaibigan, kasama ko saan man. – anino.
10. Lumalakad ay di hinihila, tumatakbo’y walang paa. – bakya
11. Siya ko nang tinuran, siyang hindi mahulaan. – siya
12. Hindi hayop, hindi tao, walang gulong ay tumatakbo. – gulong
13. Bato na ang tawag ko, bato rin ang tawag mo. – bato-bato
14. Dalawang punsu-punsuhan, ang laman ay kaligtasan. – suso ng ina.
15. Ito na si Amain, nagbibile ng hangin. – musiko
16. Ito na si Kaka, bubuka-buka. – sakag
17. Uka na ang tiyan, malakas pa ang sigaw. – batingaw
18. Tag-ulan, tag-araw, dala-dala’y balutan. – kuba.
19. Isang pinggan-pingganan, libot na libot ng giniikan. – bao
20. May binti walang hita, may tuktok walang mukha. – kabute
[p. 5]
21. May isang babaeng naliligo
Katawan ay basa, ang ulo’y tuyo. – kiyapo
22. Hinigit ko ang yantok,
Nag-inikot ang bundok. – tatyaw
23. Malalim kung bawasan, mababaw kung dagdagan. – tapayan ng tubig
24. Nanganak ang aswang, sa tuktok nagdaan. – saging
25. Dalawa kong kahon, buksan mo’y walang ugong. – mata
26. Araw gabi’y pinarurusahan, hindi marunong masaktan. – luna
27. Alin sa daigdigan ang tao ang ginagawang bahay? – gagamba
28. Hinipan ko si kaibigan, nakabuhay ng patay. – hihip
29. Kung kailan tahimik, saka nangbubuwisit. – lamok
30. Walang pintong pinasukan, nakapasok sa kalooban. – pag-iisip
I. On Patriotism, Bravery and Courage
Kabayahihan at Katapangan
1. A hero who is wounded acquires greater courage.
2. Discreet courage works to advantage.
3. Agility and bravery are shields of the body.
4. Men progress in life through the sufferings they meet.
5. One who evades the enemy shows real bravery.
6. One won’t attain success if one doesn’t take the risk.
1. A hero who is wounded acquires greater courage.
Ang bayaning nasusugatan, nag-iibayo ang tapang.
2. Discreet courage works to advantage.
Ang lihim na katapañgan ay siyang pinakikinabangan.
3. Agility and bravery are shields of the body.
Ang liksi at tapang ay kalasag ng buhay.
4. Men progress in life through the sufferings they meet.
Hindi lalaki ang daga kung hindi lalaglag sa lupa. [?]
5. One who evades the enemy shows real bravery.
Ang pag-ilag sa kaaway siyang katapangang tunay.
6. One won’t attain success if one doesn’t take the risk.
Ang takot sa ahas ay di dapat lumakad sa gubat.
[p. 6]
7. Daring is the result of expectation.
8. In the thick of the fight, real heroism is revealed.
9. Men who talk and brag undoubtedly are cowards.
10. Many are brave but few are determined.
11. Those who try do not die.
12. If you should not dare, never can you succeed.
Ang kapangahasa’y bunga ng pag-asa.
8. In the thick of the fight, real heroism is revealed.
Sa gitna ng digmaan makikilala ang bayaning tunay.
9. Men who talk and brag undoubtedly are cowards.
Ang lalaking maangas, tandaan mo’t duwag.
10. Many are brave but few are determined.
Marami ang matapang, ang perming loob ay madalang.
11. Those who try do not die.
Walang mamamatay sa ato [eto?] kung di si Pirong aso.
12. If you should not dare, never can you succeed.
Ang hindi makipagsapalaran, hindi makakatawid ng karagatan.
II. On Industry, Diligence and Thrift
Kasipagan at Pagtitipid
1. If you have planted something, you will harvest something.
2. You will have profit if you have capital.
3. Stones don’t go to the snail.
4. The thing serves old age. The habit of saving goes to life’s end.
5. Thrift and savings will help a lot during rainy days.
6. A lazy man profits in nothing.
7. He who does not know how to save money spends thoughtlessly.
8. God gives His grace to men who labor for it.
9. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
1. If you have planted something, you will harvest something.
Kung mayroon kang itinanim, mayroon kang aanihin.
2. You will have profit if you have capital.
Kung mayroon kang puhunan, mayroon kang pakinabang.
3. Stones don’t go to the snail.
Ang bato ay hindi lalapit sa suso.
4. The thing serves old age. The habit of saving goes to life’s end.
Ang arimuhuna’t adhika dala hanggang tumanda.
5. Thrift and savings will help a lot during rainy days.
Ang arimuhuna’t adhika dala hanggang tumanda.
6. A lazy man profits in nothing.
Ang taong palatulog, ginto man ay mahulog, hindi makapulot.
7. He who does not know how to save money spends thoughtlessly.
Ang hindi marunong magtipon, walang hinayang magtapon.
8. God gives His grace to men who labor for it.
Nasa Diyos ang awa, nasa tao ang gawa.
9. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
Sa taong pagulong-gulong, ang damo ay hindi sisibol.
[p. 7]
III. ON HONESTY, PUNCTUALITY, RESERVE, AND PATIENCE
KATAPATAN, PAGKAMAAGAP, KAHINHINAN, AT TIYAGA
1. Money earned from bubbles disappear like bubbles. Or easily earned, easily spent.
2. Liars and thieves are alike.
3. Punctuality outruns agility.
4. Of what use is the grass when the horse is dead?
5. Don’t be overconfident, storms come even during Lent.
6. No debt will ever remain unpaid.
7. What one usually says is what he feels.
8. He who plants the wind reaps the storm.
9. Constant rain wears away stones.
10. Constancy and patience will always win.
11. He who will not sacrifice will not succeed.
12. Without patient effort, one cannot accomplish work.
1. Money earned from bubbles disappear like bubbles. Or easily earned, easily spent.
Ang hanap sa bula, sa bula rin nawawala.
2. Liars and thieves are alike.
Ang taong bulaan, kapatid ng magnanakaw.
3. Punctuality outruns agility.
Daig ng agap ang liksi.
4. Of what use is the grass when the horse is dead?
Aanhin pa ang damo kung patay na ang kabayo?
5. Don’t be overconfident, storms come even during Lent.
Huwag kang kaseseguro, kuaresma man ay nabagyo.
6. No debt will ever remain unpaid.
Walang utang na hindi pinagbabayaran.
7. What one usually says is what he feels.
Kung ano ang bukang-bibig, siyang laman ng dibdib.
8. He who plants the wind reaps the storm.
Ang nagtanim ng hangin, bagyo ang aanihin.
9. Constant rain wears away stones.
Ang bato man ay matigas,
Sa patak ng ulan ay pilit na maaagnas.
Sa patak ng ulan ay pilit na maaagnas.
10. Constancy and patience will always win.
Walang matimtimang birhen sa matiyagang manalangin.
11. He who will not sacrifice will not succeed.
Ang di magtiis at magbata di magkakamit ginhawa.
12. Without patient effort, one cannot accomplish work.
Hindi mayayari ang anuman kung hindi gagamitan ng tiyaga.
IV. COURTESY AND GOOD BREEDING
PAGGALANG AT MABUTING PAKIKIPAGKAPWA-TAO
1. Good manners are a treasure.
2. A coquette is like the common salt, always wooed but never loved.
1. Good manners are a treasure.
Ang magandang asal ay kaban ng yaman.
2. A coquette is like the common salt, always wooed but never loved.
Ang dalagang magaslaw parang asing nakahanay, ibigin ma’y di totohonan.
[p. 8]
3. Though firewood is fresh and wet,
4. You can judge a person who is well-bred by his words and his deeds.
5. Believe not all words he says,
6. You may be beautiful and rich,
7. Spare the rod and spoil the child.
8. Habits formed in youth are carried over to one’s manhood.
9. He who looks not from where he started,
10. Bend the tree while it is young;
11. Wipe off your own blemishes before you point at the soot of others.
12. Belittle not the one who errs;
Never near the flame should it be placed.
Ang kahoy mang babad sa tubig, sa apoy huwag ilalapit; kapag nadarang ng init, sapilitang magdirikit.
Ang kahoy mang babad sa tubig, sa apoy huwag ilalapit; kapag nadarang ng init, sapilitang magdirikit.
4. You can judge a person who is well-bred by his words and his deeds.
Makikilala mo ang taong may bait
Sa kilos ng kamay at sabi ng bibig.
Sa kilos ng kamay at sabi ng bibig.
5. Believe not all words he says,
What may appear true and plain,
May contain untruth behind.
Hindi sukat maniwala sa mga sabi at wika;
Patag na patag man ang lupa,
Sa ilalim ay may lungga.
May contain untruth behind.
Hindi sukat maniwala sa mga sabi at wika;
Patag na patag man ang lupa,
Sa ilalim ay may lungga.
6. You may be beautiful and rich,
And beautifully dressed,
You are also worthless if you show you are foolish.
Mayaman ka ma’t marikit, mabuti ang pananamit,
Kung walang sariling bait, walang halagang gahanip.
You are also worthless if you show you are foolish.
Mayaman ka ma’t marikit, mabuti ang pananamit,
Kung walang sariling bait, walang halagang gahanip.
7. Spare the rod and spoil the child.
Anak na di paluin, ina ang patatangisin.
8. Habits formed in youth are carried over to one’s manhood.
Ang gawa sa pagkabata dala hanggang tumanda.
9. He who looks not from where he started,
Wouldn’t arrive at the desired spot.
Ang hindi lumingon sa pinanggalingan,
Di makararating sa patutunguhan.
Ang hindi lumingon sa pinanggalingan,
Di makararating sa patutunguhan.
10. Bend the tree while it is young;
Long afterwards, it cannot be done.
Ang kahoy habang malambot, madali ang pag-ayos,
Kung tumigas na at tumayog, mahirap na ang paghutok.
Ang kahoy habang malambot, madali ang pag-ayos,
Kung tumigas na at tumayog, mahirap na ang paghutok.
11. Wipe off your own blemishes before you point at the soot of others.
Bago ka pumuna ng uling ng iba,
Mangyaring pahirin ang uling mo muna.
Mangyaring pahirin ang uling mo muna.
12. Belittle not the one who errs;
Better teach him to correct his mistakes.
Ang mamali ay aralan, huwag pag-upasalaan.
Ang mamali ay aralan, huwag pag-upasalaan.
[p. 9]
15. Methods of measuring time, special calendars –
It is the belief of the people that when a certain animal, [the] so-called “kalo,” makes its sound at noontime, they say it is twelve o’clock in the morning.
Time is also determined by the crowing of the cock. The first crowing of the cock in the morning is four o’clock, the second crowing is eight o’clock, the third crowing is ten o’clock, and the fourth crowing is twelve o’clock.
Time is also determined by the crowing of the cock. The first crowing of the cock in the morning is four o’clock, the second crowing is eight o’clock, the third crowing is ten o’clock, and the fourth crowing is twelve o’clock.
OTHER INFORMATION
16. Information on books and documents treating of the Philippines and the names of their owners.
There is none.
17. The names of Filipino authors born or residing in the community, the titles and subjects of their works, whether printed or in manuscript form, and the names of persons possessing these.
None.
Notes and references:
Transcribed from “History and Cultural Life of Calayo,” 1953, online at the National Library of the Philippines Digital Collections.
